From August 30 to September 6, 2023, Prof. Nagatsu Kazufumi (Representative of Toyo University Site), Prof. Tsuda Koji (Tokyo University), Dr. Nakano Makibi (Core Researcher, National Institutes for the Humanities, Toyo University) , and Dr. Benny Baskara (Haluoleo University, Indonesia) participated in the survey.
In Makassar, we observed the Ghosts’ festival ceremony on 15th day of 7th moon (Zhongyuan Pudu) at the Kelenteng Xian Ma and conducted interviews with Chinese participants. In Bone, we visited the Bajoe port area and interviewed the Bajau people about their rituals, oral traditions, migration, and the process of village formation. In Sinjai, we visited Kanalo Island and Kambuno Island to interview the Bugis and Bajau people on these islands about their identity formation and linguistic characteristics.

Zhongyuan Pudu at the Kelenteng Xian Ma, Makassar
(Photo by Nakano Makibi, August 30th, 2023)

Canaro Island, where seaweed farming is thriving
(Photo by Nakano Makibi, September 3rd, 2023)

(Written by Nakano Makibi)

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